Proteomic and functional analysis of alpaca (<i>Vicugna pacos</i>) sperm quality following <i>in vitro</i> capacitation with follicular and oviductal fluids.

ABSTRACT: Assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization, remain inefficient in camelids, largely due to gaps in understanding the molecular interactions that regulate sperm capacitation. Fertilization requires not only viable spermatozoa but also the precise modulation of capacitation by the peri-ovulatory microenvironment, including follicular fluid (FF) and oviductal fluid (OF). In this study, spermatozoa were incubated in Fert-TALP medium supplemented with FF or OF, and both functional outcomes and proteomic remodeling were assessed. Sperm treatments were evaluated in five independent biological replicates per individual (three individuals), with triplicate proteomics performed. FF (n = 20) was collected from pre-ovulatory follicles (7-9 mm) and OF (n = 1

SUBMITTER: Torres Hualla EA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12631973 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature