Human Coronavirus HKU1 Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies Target Diverse Epitopes Within and Around the TMPRSS2 Receptor Binding Site.

ABSTRACT: Endemic human coronaviruses (HCoVs), like HCoV-HKU1, account for ~30% of common cold/year and can cause serious upper and lower respiratory infections, yet no licensed vaccines target HCoVs. In fact, little is known about HCoV-HKU1's antigenic landscape. Thus, we characterized key interactions between HCoV-HKU1 spike (S) with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from pre-pandemic HCoV-HKU1 convalescent PBMCs. We isolated 14 mAbs, which bound distinct S regions: receptor binding domain (RBD), N-terminal domain (NTD), and S2 subunit. Structural and functional studies revealed three groups of RBD-specific mAbs targeting diverse footprints within and around the TMPRSS2 receptor binding site, exemplified by: (1) The most potently neutralizing mAb, H501-022 (IC₅₀ = 0.01 μg/mL), which

SUBMITTER: Wang L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12636560 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature