A multivariate biosensor for non-invasive glucose and urea monitoring <i>via</i> saliva.

ABSTRACT: Non-communicable diseases such as diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD) are major global health concerns due to associated high morbidity rates. Conventional monitoring of these diseases typically involves invasive methods, which can be painful and inconvenient for patients. This study highlights the development of a non-invasive, handheld optical biosensor capable of multivariate analysis using saliva samples. The device used two distinct paper-fluidic strips designed with different enzyme-dye combinations to detect glucose and urea. The biosensor also used ambient temperature compensation to address the differential sensitivity of these sensors owing to variations caused by temperature-dependent enzyme kinetics, thereby enhancing the measurement accuracy. Biosensor characteristics wi

SUBMITTER: Singh AK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12637179 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature