Persistent Classical and Atypical Memory B Cells Underlie Heterogeneous Vaccine Responses in Ocrelizumab-Treated Multiple Sclerosis.

ABSTRACT: Patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) treated with ocrelizumab (OCR), a B-cell-depleting therapy, exhibit heterogeneous humoral responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination. The mechanisms underlying this heterogeneity remain poorly understood. We performed a longitudinal analysis of antigen-specific T and B cell responses in OCR-treated pwMS and non-MS healthy controls following vaccination. Based on post-vaccination anti-Spike IgG titers, pwMS were categorized as 'super-responders' (SR), 'responders' (R), or 'non-responders' (NR). We investigated how immune cell composition, timing of OCR infusion, and lymphocyte subset dynamics influenced humoral response outcomes. While CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell populations were largely preserved across all OCR-treated pwMS, distinct dif

SUBMITTER: Curtin R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12637580 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature