Income, Race-Ethnicity, and Dementia Risk Factors in the United States.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To determine population attributable fractions (PAFs) of modifiable dementia risk factors by income, and independent and interactive associations of race-ethnicity and income with each risk factor and cumulative number of midlife risk factors.

Methods

This nationally representative cross-sectional study of the 1999-2008, 2011-2014, and primarily the 2015-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys comprised of individuals aged 18-44, 45-64, and 65+ years for early-life, midlife, and late-life analyses, respectively. Income was operationalized using the poverty-income ratio. The primary outcomes were PAFs and prevalence ratios (PR) of the 13 individual-level dementia risk factors and cumulative number of midlife risk factors.

Results

There were 13

SUBMITTER: Stulberg EL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12640006 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature