Where Do Smokers in Singapore Smoke? A Latent Class Analysis to Classify Smokers Based On Smoking Location.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

A key lever protecting people from secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure is not sharing the same space as smokers while they smoke. However, there is limited research on where exactly smokers choose to smoke, particularly in urban multi-ethnic Asian contexts. This study aims to identify distinct classes of smokers in Singapore and characterize smokers based on where they smoke.

Methods

Using responses from 1,546 participants in Wave 2 of the Singapore Smokers' Survey (2021), latent class analysis identified distinct smoker classes based on predefined smoking location options reported for home and outside home in the past month. Multinomial logistic regression was conducted to examine differences between classes on various covariates.

Results

Three distinct late

SUBMITTER: Feng Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12641174 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature