Age-specific trends in colorectal, appendiceal, and anal tumour incidence by histological subtype in Australia from 1990 to 2020: a population-based time-series analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Early-onset bowel cancer incidence (age <50 years) has increased worldwide and is highest in Australia, but how trends vary across age, histology, and anatomical site remains unclear. We investigated appendiceal, proximal colon, distal colon, rectal, and anal cancer incidence trends by age and histology in Australia.

Methods

Cancer incidence rate data were obtained from nation-wide cancer registries (1990-2020). Birth cohort-specific incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and annual percentage change were estimated using age-period-cohort modelling and joinpoint regression.

Findings

Combining all malignant tumour histologies, early-onset incidence rose 5-9% annually, yielding 4072 excess cases (1·5 per 100,000 person-years; 15% appendix, 28% colon, 48% rectum, 9% anu

SUBMITTER: Meyers AL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12641218 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature