T cell costimulatory and inhibitory signals di4erentially modulate LAT condensate nucleation propensity after TCR ligation.

ABSTRACT: Linker for activation of T cells (LAT) is a membrane-surface scaffold protein that assembles key signaling molecules upon T cell receptor (TCR) activation. Recent observations have revealed LAT assembly occurs in discretized condensates traceable to single molecular TCR activation events. Moreover, the condensation process occurs abruptly, but after a distinct delay, indicative of a type of phase transition. Here we examine the effects of costimulatory (CD80, CD86) and inhibitory (PD-L1) ligands on the nucleation propensity of LAT condensation. We utilize single molecule mobility tracking to resolve the moment a pMHC molecule binds to TCR combined with intracellular imaging to measure the time delay between pMHC:TCR binding and nucleation of the corresponding LAT condensate. These delay ti

SUBMITTER: Choi S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12642424 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature