Post-Traumatic Epilepsy After Mild and Moderate Traumatic Brain Injury: A Narrative Review and Development of a Clinical Decision Tool.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) is a recognized complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI), yet its risk following mild and moderate TBI remains underappreciated. Although mild TBI represents the majority of cases in clinical practice, a subset of patients develop unprovoked seizures months or even years post-injury. This review aims to synthesize current evidence on the incidence and predictors of PTE in mild and moderate TBI and to propose a clinically actionable decision-support tool for early risk stratification.

Methods

We performed a narrative review of peer-reviewed studies published between 1985 and 2024 that reported on the incidence, risk factors and predictive models of PTE in patients with mild (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] 13-15) and moderate (GCS 9-12 or

SUBMITTER: Mavroudis I 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12643447 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature