Remnant cholesterol for diabetic kidney disease risk stratification in type 2 diabetes: a machine learning-based prevention tool.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Disturbances in lipid metabolism play a critical role in the onset and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Remnant cholesterol (RC), a marker of remnant lipoprotein metabolism, is an established cardiovascular residual risk factor. However, evidence linking RC to the risk of incident DKD is limited. This study aimed to investigate the association between RC and incident DKD and to develop a risk prediction model incorporating RC and other clinical variables in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods

A retrospective cohort study of 2,122 patients with T2D and without baseline DKD was conducted. The association between RC and DKD risk was examined using multivariable Cox regression and restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis. A random survival forest (

SUBMITTER: Dai Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12643847 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature