Meibomian gland dysfunction in patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) secondary to thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) represents a significant pathogenic mechanism in dry eye disease. This study provides the first systematic review and meta-analysis of MGD indicators in TAO.

Methods

The study protocol was prospectively registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (Registration ID: CRD420251020327) before data extraction. Following PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Ovid Medline, and Cochrane from inception through March 27, 2025. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Key indicators included lipid layer thickness (LLT), meiboscore, meibum quality, first non-invasive tear f

SUBMITTER: Lu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12643990 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature