Immunological surveillance against cancer across mammals.

ABSTRACT: Contrary to expectations based on their higher cell numbers, larger and longer-lived species do not face dramatically increased risk of cancer. This strongly suggests that evolution has fashioned natural cancer resistance mechanisms, yet our knowledge remains limited on what these mechanisms might be. The cancer immunological surveillance hypothesis, proposed by Burnet and Thomas in the 1950s, highlights immunity as a key factor determining species-specific cancer resistance. Here we address the original, evolutionary interpretation of this hypothesis by investigating the relationship between cancer mortality risk and markers of efficient antigen presentation. Our results show that the expansion of the MHC class I gene complex, as well as increased selection for diversity at these genes is

SUBMITTER: Vincze O 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12644480 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature