Monolithic lithium niobate photonic chip for efficient terahertz-optic modulation and terahertz generation.

ABSTRACT: The terahertz (THz) range, bridging microwave and infrared frequencies, enables advanced imaging, sensing, communications, and spectroscopy. Analogous to microwave photonics, terahertz photonics offers a promising optical solution to critical THz challenges-THz-optical interfacing, including THz-optic modulation and optical generation of THz waves. We address these with a monolithic integrated photonic chip enabling efficient THz-optical bidirectional interaction. Leveraging strong second-order optical nonlinearity and optical/THz confinement in thin-film lithium niobate on quartz, the chip supports efficient THz-optic modulation and continuous THz generation up to 500 GHz. The measured continuous wave THz generation efficiency of 4.8 × 10^-6/W at 500 GHz also marks a tenfold imp

SUBMITTER: Zhang Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12644555 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature