Insights into the pathophysiological, molecular, and ultrastructural alterations induced by cadmium oxide nanoparticle toxicity in the midgut of Galleria mellonella.

ABSTRACT: Despite the extensive applicability of cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) in diverse fields, there is a prominent gap in our understanding of their toxicological impacts, particularly when using invertebrate insect model organisms. This study aimed to instigate this research gap by investigating the oxidative stress and genotoxicity effects of CdO NPs using Galleria mellonella as an insect model. We evaluated the immune response, oxidative stress, stress response proteins, detoxification enzymes, DNA damage, and cell viability following exposure to a single dose of CdO NPs. A comprehensive approach was conducted, combining biochemical, molecular, ultrastructural, and morphological analyses. Interestingly, the most pronounced effect of CdO NPs on larval mortality was observed at the lowe

SUBMITTER: El-Samad LM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12645010 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature