Transient lung eosinophilia during breakthrough influenza infection in vaccinated mice is associated with protective and balanced Type 1/2 immune responses.

ABSTRACT: Eosinophils are versatile cells that participate in a multitude of homeostatic and inflammatory responses in the lung, ranging from allergic asthma to antiviral defense against respiratory viral infection. In the context of vaccination followed by viral infection, such as breakthrough infection, eosinophils have been linked to aberrant Th2 responses like vaccine-enhanced respiratory disease. Here, we demonstrate that the lung immune cell composition, cytokine and chemokine repertoire, histopathological profile, and systemic humoral response of breakthrough influenza infection in mice are distinct from those of primary influenza infection or allergic sensitization, canonical Type 1 and 2 immune responses, respectively. Longitudinal comparison of breakthrough infection with allergic sensitiz

SUBMITTER: Chang LA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12646012 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature