ABSTRACT: The excessive use of chemical fertilizers results in environmental issues, including loss of soil fertility, eutrophication, increased soil acidity, alterations in soil characteristics, and disrupted plant-microbe symbiosis. Here, we synthesize recent studies available from up to 2025, focusing on engineered biochar and its application in addressing issues of soil nutrient imbalance, soil pollution from inorganic and organic pollutants, soil acidification, salinity, and greenhouse gas emissions from fields. Application of engineered biochar enhanced the removal of Cr (VI), Cd2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, Hg2+, and Eu3+ by 85%, 73%, 57.2%, 12.7%, 99.3%, and 99.2%, respectively, while Cu2+ and V5+ removal increased by 4 and 39.9
