Anticancer drug-induced nephrotoxicity: biopsy-proven patterns and outcomes across chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors.

ABSTRACT: Biopsy-confirmed anticancer drug-induced kidney injury is underreported. This study aimed to characterize its clinicopathological features and outcomes. We retrospectively analyzed 52 patients with biopsy-proven anticancer drug-induced nephrotoxicity (2005-2024). Patients were classified into chemotherapy drugs (CTD, n = 25), molecularly targeted therapies (MTT, n = 22), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI, n = 5; PD-1 inhibitors). The CTD group (e.g. cisplatin, capecitabine, gemcitabine) caused frequent acute kidney injury (AKI, 80%), with acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN, 32%). Notable glomerular lesions in the CTD group included thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA, 12%), minimal change disease (8%), and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (8%). The MTT group (e

SUBMITTER: Tian J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12649773 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature