Heavy Metal Contamination in Adaptogenic Herbal Dietary Supplements: Experimental, Assessment and Regulatory Safety Perspectives.

ABSTRACT: While adaptogens are popular in dietary supplements for their health-promoting properties, their safety is compromised by the risk of heavy metal contamination, a threat amplified by inconsistent regulatory standards. This study aimed to assess the extent of heavy metal contamination in adaptogenic supplements on the Polish market and evaluate their compliance with international safety limits. Eleven commercially available supplements (tablets, powders, dried materials) containing Withania somnifera, Rhodiola rosea, Panax ginseng, and Schisandra chinensis were analyzed for lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni), and other elements using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) and mercury analysis (AMA 254). Results demonstrated widespread contami

SUBMITTER: Jasinska-Balwierz A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12650394 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature