Histology-Specific Survival in Penile Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A SEER-Based Study Highlighting Human Papillomavirus Status and Prognostic Subtypes.

ABSTRACT: Background: Penile squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is now categorized based on human papillomavirus (HPV) status as HPV associated (SCCa) or HPV-independent. While most HPV-independent cases are of the usual type (Usual-SCCi), the prognostic significance of this subclassification-particularly between Usual-SCCi and other SCC HPV-independent variants (Variant-SCCi)-remains unclear. Materials and Methods: Using SEER data (2000-2021), patients with penile SCC were categorized into Usual-SCCi, Variant-SCCi (verrucous, papillary, and sarcomatoid), and SCCa groups. Cancer-specific survival (CSS) was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazard regression adjusted for demographic and clinical factors, with Firth's penalized likelihood correction applied when appr

SUBMITTER: Ishiyama Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12651401 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature