Human Milk Macronutrient and Energy Contents Are Associated with Maternal and Infant Factors: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Data from the Japanese Human Milk Study Cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Human milk (HM) macronutrients are vital for infant growth and development; their composition may vary according to maternal and infant characteristics and differ across populations. However, the wide range of maternal and infant factors affecting HM macronutrient content among Japanese mothers has not been sufficiently evaluated.

Objectives

We comprehensively examined the factors associated with the macronutrient content of mature HM in a cross-sectional analysis of a large Japanese cohort.

Methods

A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using baseline data from the Japanese HM Study cohort (n = 1071). Macronutrient and energy contents were assessed in mature HM samples collected at an average of 2 mo postpartum. Maternal and infant factors were ob

SUBMITTER: Nojiri K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12651646 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature