Development of the Breastfed Infant Oral Microbiome Is Associated with Concentrations and Intakes of Human Milk Oligosaccharides.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are bioactive carbohydrates abundant in human milk that shape the infant gut microbiome, yet their influence on the oral microbiome remains poorly understood. This study investigated associations between HMO concentrations and infant HMO intakes and the composition of the oral microbiome in predominantly (n = 2) and exclusively (n = 54) breastfed infants. Methods: We profiled infant oral samples collected at 2 months of age using full-length 16S rRNA gene sequencing, alongside paired milk HMO analyses from 56 mother-infant dyads from the Western Australian BLOSOM cohort. Daily HMO intakes were calculated using 24 h milk intake data. Results: Concentrations of human milk 3FL and LNFPIII were negativ

SUBMITTER: Arishi RA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12655218 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature