Comparative efficacy and safety of non-pharmacological nursing interventions for diabetic foot ulcers: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Non-pharmacological nursing interventions are increasingly employed to enhance diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) healing and patient outcomes. However, the comparative effectiveness and safety profiles of various adjunctive nursing strategies remain unclear. This network meta-analysis systematically evaluated and ranked non-pharmacological nursing interventions for DFU management.

Methods

A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science from inception to March 31, 2025. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing non-pharmacological adjunctive nursing interventions (e.g., hyperbaric oxygen therapy [HBOT], light therapy [LT], ultrasound therapy [US], extracorporeal shock-wave t

SUBMITTER: Gong J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12659472 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature