A Tutorial for Propensity Score Weighting Methods Under Violations of the Positivity Assumption.

ABSTRACT: Violations of the positivity assumption can render conventional causal estimands unidentifiable, including the average treatment effect (ATE), the average treatment effect on the treated (ATT), and the average treatment effect on the controls (ATC). Shifting the inferential focus to their alternative counterparts-the weighted ATE (WATE), the weighted ATT (WATT), and the weighted ATC (WATC)-offers valuable insights into treatment effects while preserving internal validity. In this tutorial, we provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in propensity score (PS) weighting methods, along with practical guidance on how to select a primary target estimand (while other estimands serve as supplementary analyses), implement the corresponding PS-weighted estimators, and conduct post-weighting

SUBMITTER: Liu Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12659692 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature