Masterful macrophages: understanding and targeting activation dysfunction in diabetic wounds.

ABSTRACT: Diabetes mellitus is a group of chronic metabolic diseases worldwide that seriously threaten human health and increases the social and economic burden; underlying drivers of impaired healing include uncontrolled inflammation, repeated ischemia reperfusion injury, and neuropathy alongside infection risks. Macrophages orchestrate standard repair, exhibit sustained classical pro-inflammatory activation in diabetes, disrupting growth factor secretion, angiogenesis, and matrix regulation. Hyperglycemia mediated advanced glycation end products and reactive oxygen species heighten pattern recognition receptor stimulation, causing reduced alternative macrophage differentiation. Promising immunomodulation approaches redirecting their phenotypes to resolve inflammation and stimulate regeneration pro

SUBMITTER: Peng L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12659793 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature