Does ambient PM_2.5 reduce the protective association of leisure-time physical activity with mortality? A systematic review, meta-analysis, and individual-level pooled analysis of cohort studies involving 1.5 million adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

This study assessed whether higher levels of fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) reduce the protective effects of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) on all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality, and explored the PM_2.5 threshold beyond which attenuation occurs.

Methods

We conducted two complementary investigations. First, a systematic review and meta-analysis (per PRISMA guidelines) identified eligible cohort studies from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and SPORTDiscus (from inception to 6 January 2025) that examined the independent or joint associations of LTPA and PM₂.₅ with mortality among adults (≥ 18 years). Second, an individual-level pooled analysis using harmonized data from three cohorts was performed using Cox regression modelin

SUBMITTER: Ku PW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12661664 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature