Exosome-functionalized collagen-coated 3D-printed PCL scaffold for enhanced osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration: an in vitro and in vivo study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Bone tissue engineering offers a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional bone grafts, including donor site morbidity and immune rejection. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds coated with collagen (Col) were fabricated by extrusion-based printing. The scaffolds were further functionalized with human endometrial mesenchymal stem cells (hEnMSCs) and osteoblast-derived exosomes (ODExo), obtained from osteoblast-like cells, to investigate their potential in bone regeneration.

Results

The printed scaffolds exhibited controlled porosity, suitable mechanical integrity, and improved hydrophilicity following collagen coating. ODExo were isolated from osteoblast-like cells and confirmed by morphology and particle size

SUBMITTER: Shemshadsara FG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12661825 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature