IL-12 ameliorates diabetic retinal neurodegeneration by activating microglial phagocytosis via the TREM2/DAP12 pathway.

ABSTRACT: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common neurovascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of vision loss in the advanced stages. Identifying therapeutic targets to prevent early progression of DR is critical for preserving visual function. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) has emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for early-stage diabetic retinal neurodegeneration. In this study, diabetic mouse models were established, followed by intravitreal injection of IL-12 to evaluate its effects using hematoxylin and eosin staining and RNA sequencing. IL-12 treatment partially prevented the thinning of the nerve fiber layer, ganglion cell layer, and total retina. Bioinformatics analysis of RNA sequencing data revealed enrichment of microglial signatures and enhanced phagocytic function. Western blott

SUBMITTER: Fang W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12664847 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature