Association of serum vascular endothelial growth factor-C, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-3, and insulin-like growth factor 1 levels with metastasis and prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

To investigate the association of serum levels of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-C (VEGFC), Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 (VEGFR-3), and Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1) with metastasis and prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods

This retrospective study included 298 patients diagnosed with NPC at our institution between January 2022 and December 2023. Patients were categorized based on the presence of metastasis at diagnosis or during follow-up into a metastatic group (n=78) and a non-metastatic group (n=220). Clinical data, including plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load, were collected, and serum VEGFC, VEGFR-3, and IGF1 levels were measured. Patients were followed up for a mean of (12.02 ± 1.21) months (minim

SUBMITTER: Li Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12665541 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature