Multiple human enhancer RNAs contain long translated open reading frames.

ABSTRACT: Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) are transcribed by RNA polymerase IIduring enhancer activation but are typically rapidly degraded in the nucleus. During states of reduced RNA surveillance, however, eRNAs and other similar "noncoding" RNAs (including, e.g., upstream antisense RNAs) are stabilized, and some are exported to the cytoplasm and can even be found on polysomes. Here, we report unexpectedly that ∼12% of human intergenic eRNAs contain long open reading frames (>300 nt), many of which can be actively translated, as determined by ribosome profiling, and produce proteins that accumulate in cells, as shown by mass spectrometry (MS) data. Focusing on the largest of the encoded proteins, which we designated as eORFs, which can be up to ∼45 kDa, we found, remarkably, that most are highly basi

SUBMITTER: Vlasov PA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12667400 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature