Impact of type 2 diabetes on the relationship between chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure across ejection fraction: observational study from the Swedish heart failure and the Swedish National diabetes registries.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) events in patients with heart failure (HF). It is unclear whether type 2 diabetes (T2D), closely intertwined with both HF and CKD, modifies the association between cardiovascular outcomes and CKD in HF patients, and whether this association differs according to ejection fraction (EF).

Methods

HF patients enrolled in the Swedish Heart Failure Registry from January 2017 to December 2021 were analyzed. Linkage with the National Diabetes Registry and other population registries provided extensive baseline information. Patients were stratified by T2D status and CKD stages, defined by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR: <30, 30-44, 45-59, ≥ 60 ml/min/1.73 m²). The primary outcome wa

SUBMITTER: Merolla A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12670795 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature