Natalizumab and fumarate treatment differentially modulate CD4+ T cell and B cell subtypes in multiple sclerosis patients without impacting durable COVID-19 vaccine responses.

ABSTRACT:

Background

There is a greater risk of complications from severe COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) treated with certain disease-modifying therapies (DMTs), as well as a diminished vaccine response.

Methods

In this exploratory, observational study, we recruited 28 patients with Relapsing Remitting MS (RRMS, n=24) or Secondary Progressive MS (SPMS, n=4), that were receiving treatment with either natalizumab or fumarates (diroximel or dimethyl) prior to baseline sample collection. Blood samples were collected before vaccination (baseline), between 4 weeks and 6 months post vaccination, and post booster administration. A multiplex bead immunoassay (MBI) was used to measure anti-Spike IgG, while IFNγ and IL-2 ELISpot assays were used to determin

SUBMITTER: Curtin R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12672258 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature