Closing Data Gaps for LCA of Pharmaceutical Production: Estimating Energy Usage by Upscaling Laboratory Data.

ABSTRACT: Pharmaceutical production substantially contributes to global greenhouse gas emissions. The application of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to evaluate these impacts is hindered by the limited Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data. Existing LCI estimation methods often exclude key operations such as waste treatment and tablet formulation, relying on broad assumptions that lead to incomplete assessments. To address these gaps, this study developed a method to estimate industrial energy usage by upscaling laboratory-scale data. This method includes Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) synthesis, tablet formulation, and auxiliary operations. Process Design Calculations (PDCs) derived in our method improve the energy estimation for unit operations. The application of this method to six pharmaceuticals

SUBMITTER: Ansar MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12673579 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature