Discovery of the late autophagy inhibitor FZU‑0045‑053 and its anti‑breast cancer and immunomodulatory effects.

ABSTRACT: Breast cancer is characterized by notable heterogeneity and remains one of the leading causes of cancer‑related death among women. Autophagy, a process by which cells use lysosomes to degrade cytoplasmic proteins and damaged organelles, is not only associated with chemotherapy resistance, but is also involved in immune‑mediated tumor cell killing and immune evasion, making it a promising target for cancer therapy. Pharmacological inhibition of autophagy in breast cancer cells suppresses tumor progression. In the present study, the small molecular compound FZU‑0045‑053 (053) was identified, which exhibited autophagic and immunomodulatory effects. The effect of 053 on autophagy regulation in breast cancer cells was evaluated using transmission electron microscopy, an mRFP‑GFP‑ microtubule‑as

SUBMITTER: Luo J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12674200 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature