Cell-free secretome of CD56^brightCD16^bright directly reprogrammed NK cells enhances wound healing via CCL3/4/5-CCR5 signaling.

ABSTRACT: Rationale: Natural killer (NK) cells are emerging as a promising source of immunomodulatory secretomes with regenerative potential. However, heterogeneity in primary NK cell populations limits the reproducibility of NK-derived cell-free therapies. To address this, we developed directly reprogrammed NK (drNK) cells with a stable CD56^brightCD16^bright phenotype and investigated the therapeutic potential of their conditioned medium (drNK-CM) in wound healing, focusing on underlying molecular mechanisms such as chemokine signaling and angiogenesis. Methods: drNK cells were generated by transcription factor-mediated reprogramming (OCT4, SOX2, KLF4, MYC) and characterized via flow cytometry and RNA-seq. The secretome profile of drNK-CM was evaluated using prote

SUBMITTER: Kim JY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12675002 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature