Serum copper, zinc and selenium and their ratios as predictors of pneumonia death risk in men: the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

This study aimed to assess the associations between serum concentrations of copper, zinc and selenium, and pneumonia death risk.

Methods

Study included 2088 men from the Kuopio Ischaemic Heart Disease Risk Factor Study aged 42-60 years. Pneumonia deaths were collected by computer linkage to the national Causes of Death Register. Cox proportional hazards regression models, adjusted for multiple variables, were used for analysis.

Results

During a mean follow-up of 21.7 years (SD 7.5 years), 139 pneumonia deaths occurred. The multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio for pneumonia death in the highest serum copper-to-zinc-ratio and copper concentration tertiles were 1.75 (95% CI: 1.13-2.71) and 1.64 (95% CI: 1.08-2.50), respectively. Serum zinc concentration showed a s

SUBMITTER: Laine JT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12675712 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature