Comparison of the additive value of blood-based and retinal biomarkers to clinical features in predicting cognitive decline.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Retinal imaging features, and blood-based biomarkers may provide insights into cognitive neuropathology. However, the combined utility of retinal imaging features, and blood-based biomarkers for predicting cognitive decline remains under-investigated.

Methods

A cohort of memory-clinic subjects (age 71.86 ± 7.91 years, 48.4% male) were followed for 5 years, with annual Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum-of-Boxes(CDR-SB) assessments. Cognitive decline was defined as a CDR-SB ≥ 2 increment from baseline. Elastic net regression of 71 multimodal variables for predicting cognitive decline was performed comprising:8 clinical factors, 50 retinal fundoscopic features, and 13 blood-based biomarkers (Ergothioneine, pTau-181, NfL, insulin, leptin, IL-6, IL-8, TNF, NGF, thromb

SUBMITTER: Sim MA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12675760 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature