Food, Built and Socio-Economic Environments and Maternal-Infant Outcomes: A Geospatial and Structural Equation Modelling of 163 000 Births.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

To examine the combined influence of food environment, built environment, socio-economic status and individual factors (maternal age, parity, smoking status and need for an interpreter) on maternal overweight, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and large-for-gestational age (LGA) births in Australia.

Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Setting

Melbourne, Australia.

Population

163 760 singleton pregnancies/births.

Main outcomes measures

Primary outcomes: maternal overweight, GDM and LGA births.

Methods

Structural equation modelling (SEM) assessed direct and indirect associations, with maternal overweight as a mediator. LCA was used to classify risk variation across socio-economic strata.

Results

Among 163 760 births, a higher dens

SUBMITTER: Marzan MB 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12678041 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature