Optimal asymmetric electric field pulses for selective transcranial magnetic stimulation with minimised power and coil heating.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) with asymmetric electric field pulses, such as monophasic, offers directional selectivity for neural activation but requires excessive energy. Previous pulse shape optimisation has been limited to symmetric pulses or heavily constrained variations of conventional waveforms without achieving general optimality in energy efficiency or neural selectivity.

Objective

We sought to develop a minimally constrained optimisation framework for identifying energy-efficient asymmetric TMS pulses with directional selectivity of neural stimulation.

Methods

We implemented a novel optimisation framework that incorporates neuron model activation constraints and flexible control of pulse asymmetry. The optimised waveforms were experimen

SUBMITTER: Ma K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12678852 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature