All-lead-free Cs₂SnCl₆/Cu₂ZnSnS₄/CuFeO₂ cascade band-aligned multilayer heterostructures for solar-driven hydrogen production from wastewater.

ABSTRACT: Lead-free halide perovskite, kesterite, and delafossite semiconductors were integrated into a multilayer ternary heterostructure (Cs₂SnCl₆/Cu₂ZnSnS₄/CuFeO₂) to enable direct solar-driven hydrogen production from sewage water. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the expected elemental composition and oxidation states, while X-ray diffraction verifies the successful incorporation of all three layers with well-defined crystallinity. Optical measurements reveal a systematic narrowing of the effective band gap, decreasing from 1.73 eV for CuFeO₂ to 1.50 eV for the Cu₂ZnSnS₄/CuFeO₂ bilayer and further to 1.12 eV for the complete Cs₂SnCl₆/Cu₂ZnSnS₄/C

SUBMITTER: Ali AH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12679471 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature