Machine learning identifies a distinct microbiota signature in immune checkpoint inhibitor colitis compared with inflammatory bowel disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized oncology by enhancing antitumor immune responses. However, their use is frequently associated with immune-mediated adverse events, including colitis (ICIs-colitis). This condition shares clinical and histological features with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Emerging evidence highlights the gut microbiota's role in both ICIs-colitis and IBD pathogenesis. This study aimed to determine whether a distinct microbiota profile, assessed via machine learning, could differentiate ICIs-colitis from IBD and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods

A prospective study was conducted with patients diagnosed with ICIs-colitis, alongside historical cohorts of IBD patients

SUBMITTER: Barberio B 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12687588 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature