Topological and variational modularity: A case study using the pectoral girdle across the Chrosomus eos-neogaeus hybridization complex.

ABSTRACT: Modularity and integration are key developmental properties and have remained central in evo-devo research because of how they relate to evolvability. While modularity and integration have commonly been assessed with landmark-based geometric morphometrics (GMM), other methods such as anatomical network analysis (AnNA) are increasingly being explored. Nonetheless, AnNA has seldom been used to assess variability within taxa, and there have been no attempts to verify whether its results are commensurate with GMM. We used the pectoral girdle of members of the Chrosomus eos-neogaeus hybridization complex as a case study system to assess differences between AnNA and GMM-based approaches and discuss how they should be best used. The general anatomy and composition of the pectoral girdle do not va

SUBMITTER: Duclos KK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12688015 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature