Engineering Nanoparticles to Modulate Extracellular Matrix and Immune Components of the Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Immunotherapy.

ABSTRACT: Cancer immunotherapy has emerged as a transformative strategy for treating malignancies by harnessing the body's immune system. However, its clinical efficacy is often limited by the complex and immunosuppressive nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), which poses substantial barriers to therapeutic success. The TME comprises a variety of components, including immune cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, abnormal vasculature, extracellular matrix, and soluble mediators that collectively support tumor progression, suppress immune surveillance, and contribute to treatment resistance and poor prognosis. Recent advances in nanotechnology have introduced engineered nanomaterials as promising tools to modulate the TME and enhance the outcomes of cancer immunotherapy. These nanomaterials can

SUBMITTER: Dang BT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12688472 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature