Involvement of mitochondrial unfolded protein response and activating transcription factor 4 in the mitochondrial damage pathway of BEAS-2B cells induced by cigarette smoke extracts.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cigarette smoke extract (CSE) induces reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in human bronchial epithelial cells, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and subsequently triggering the mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR^mt) mediated by the bZIP transcription factor activating transcription factor 4 (ATF-4). This study aimed to investigate whether UPR^mt and ATF-4 are involved in the pathway of mitochondrial function impairment in BEAS-2B cells caused by CSE.

Methods

BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells were treated with different concentrations of CSE, and mitochondrial function was detected by JC-1 staining and MitoSoxRed staining. The expression and localisation of translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 23 (Tim23) and ATF-4 were

SUBMITTER: Jin J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12688523 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature