Effects of continuous cropping on soil metabolomics and rhizosphere bacterial communities in <i>Panax quinquefolius</i> L.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Continuous cropping obstacles (CCOs) due to long-term monoculture have emerged as a pervasive challenge in contemporary agriculture worldwide. The practices of CCOs are the primary causes of restraining the Panax quinquefolius L. (P. quinquefolius) growth, whereas its underlying microbial mechanisms have not been fully elucidated.

Methods

We investigated the effects of CCOs on soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities, microbial community composition, and metabolite profiles in the rhizosphere of P. quinquefolius cultivated continuously for one, two, three, and four consecutive years (designated as CC1, CC2, CC3, and CC4, respectively) without crop rotation. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected from fields with different years of

SUBMITTER: Song J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12689531 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature