Association Between Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Extraesophageal Malignancies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background/objectives

The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and extraesophageal malignancies remains unclear. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the relationship between GERD and these cancers.

Methods

PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched for studies reporting risk estimates-risk ratios (RRs), odds ratios (ORs), hazard ratios (HRs), or standardized incidence ratios (SIRs)-of GERD and extraesophageal malignancies. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies with available risk estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were also included. Pooled estimates with 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model.

Results

As of 21 May 2025, a total of 37 studies were included in the analysis. GERD was si

SUBMITTER: Xu YS 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12691378 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature