Trochlear Nerve Palsy: A Systematic Review of Etiologies and Diagnostic Insights.

ABSTRACT: Background/Objectives: Trochlear nerve palsy (TNP) is a clinically significant neuro-ophthalmic disorder with a broad and heterogeneous etiologic spectrum. Due to the trochlear nerve (TN)'s long intracranial course and its proximity to key neurosurgical corridors, it is particularly susceptible to injury. This systematic review aimed to synthesize contemporary evidence on TNP etiologies and highlight diagnostic considerations. Methods: Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines (PROSPERO registration: CRD420251150614), we systematically searched PubMed through July 2025 for studies reporting TNP etiologies. Given substantial heterogeneity in study populations and methodologies, a qualitative synthesis was performed examining study characteristics, patient demographics, etiological dist

SUBMITTER: Alexandrou A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12691472 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature