Exploratory associations between radiographic findings and metadata-derived proxies of 90-day follow-up in 112,120 ChestX-ray14 radiographs.

ABSTRACT: Chest radiography is widely used as an initial imaging modality. However, how specific findings relate to subsequent care or follow-up actions remains unclear. Prior studies have rarely examined follow-up actions, and potential sex-specific differences have been understudied. We analyzed 112,120 frontal chest radiographs from the NIH ChestX-ray14 dataset (63,340 male, 48,780 female). Images were labeled with 14 findings using a natural language processing (NLP) pipeline applied to reports. We modeled a metadata-derived proxy of 90-day follow-up using logistic regression, including sex-stratified analyses and interaction testing, with models adjusted for sex. Robustness was assessed through sensitivity analyses (30/60/180-day windows), patient-level clustering, and false discovery rate (FDR

SUBMITTER: Yayan J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12696044 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature