Integrating salpingoscopy and immunohistochemistry to improve tubal infertility diagnosis: a retrospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Tubal factor infertility is one of the most prevalent and diagnostically complex causes of female infertility. Standard imaging modalities, including hysterosalpingography and laparoscopy, frequently fail to detect subtle mucosal or molecular abnormalities. This study investigated whether combining salpingoscopy with immunohistochemical (IHC) profiling improves diagnostic precision and prognostic assessment in women with tubal-factor infertility.

Methods

This retrospective observational cohort study included 197 women who underwent laparoscopy between April 2020 and February 2025. Salpingoscopy was used to grade mucosal pathology severity, and ampullary biopsies were analyzed by IHC for CD138, Ki-67, and estrogen/progesterone receptors. A composite prognosis sco

SUBMITTER: Alenova A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12696168 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature