Case Report: Anti-SOX1 antibody-associated limbic encephalitis with hippocampal sclerosis: the first autopsy case.

ABSTRACT: We report the first autopsy case of anti-SOX1 antibody-associated encephalitis accompanied by hippocampal sclerosis (HS). The patient was a 69-year-old man with a long-standing history of schizophrenia who presented with generalized seizures, fever, and altered mental status. Despite treatment for pneumonia and hyponatremia, his condition rapidly deteriorated, resulting in recurrent seizures and impaired consciousness. Imaging and cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis associated with small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), and serum analysis revealed strongly positive anti-SOX1 antibodies. Following multidisciplinary interventions, palliative care was initiated, and the patient passed away on day 115. Autopsy findings included a densely proliferating SCLC in t

SUBMITTER: Izumi R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12696179 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature