Propagation of monocyte exhaustion memory and underlying mechanisms.

ABSTRACT: Monocyte exhaustion is a dysfunctional state characterized by prolonged pathogenic inflammation and immune suppression, commonly observed in chronic infections and sepsis. However, the mechanisms underlying the generation and propagation of exhausted monocytes remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate the impacts of exhausted monocytes on neighboring naïve monocytes, endothelial cells, and T cell function. Using an in vitro co-culture system, we demonstrate that exhausted monocytes induced by prolonged LPS stimulation propagate the exhaustion phenotype to neighboring naïve monocytes. Meanwhile these exhausted monocytes can promote endothelial apoptosis, upregulate adhesion molecules ICAM-1 and VCAM-1, and enhance monocyte transmigration, contributing to endothelial dysfunctio

SUBMITTER: Wang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12696950 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature